Surely today is _one_ (such) day in the history of pragmatics! I discovered
(one minute ago) that Grice was _hardly_ coining "implicature", since
"implicatura" had been used by the Romans some years before (in Sid. Ep. 9,
9 fin). I've yet to analyse what "-aturus" and "-urus" adds to a verbal
stem (like "implico" or "imply") -- and I wish I had Grice's classics, but
surely Grice wanted, in 'coining' "implicature" and "implicatum", to play
on "implication" (as in the stoic "material implication") and the
difference that _his_ coinage would bear from _that_. A search on the
Oxford-based Perseus project (Short & Lewis) gives entries (in Appendix I
and II below, respectively) for "implico", and, more interestingly,
"implicatura"! (the latter: in Sid. Ep. 9, 9 fin). Best. JL.
===
Appendix One. From
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059
%3Aentry%3D%2321964
implico (inpl- ), avi, atum, or (twice in Cic., and freq. since the Aug.
per.) ui, itum (v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 550 sq.), 1, v. a. [in-plico, to fold
into; hence] , to infold, involve, entangle, entwine, inwrap, envelop,
encircle, embrace, clasp, grasp (freq. and class.; cf.: irretio, impedio).
I. Lit.: involvulus in pampini folio se, Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 64 : ut tenax
hedera huc et illuc Arborem implicat errans, Cat. 61, 35 ; cf. id. ib. 107
sq.: et nunc huc inde huc incertos implicat orbes, Verg. A. 12, 743 :
dextrae se parvus Iulus Implicuit, id. ib. 2, 724 ; cf.: implicuit materno
bracchia collo, Ov. M. 1, 762 : implicuitque suos circum mea colla
lacertos, id. Am. 2, 18, 9 : implicuitque comam laeva,grasped, Verg. A. 2,
552 : sertis comas, Tib. 3, 6, 64 : crinem auro, Verg. A. 4, 148 :
frondenti tempora ramo, id. ib. 7, 136 ; cf. Ov. F. 5, 220: in parte
inferiore hic implicabatur caput, Afran. ap. Non. 123, 16 (implicare
positum pro ornare, Non.): aquila implicuit pedes atque unguibus haesit,
Verg. A. 11, 752 : effusumque equitem super ipse (equus) secutus Implicat,
id. ib. 10, 894 : congressi in proelia totas Implicuere inter se acies, id.
ib. 11, 632 : implicare ac perturbare aciem, Sall. J. 59, 3 : (lues)
ossibus implicat ignem, Verg. A. 7, 355 .--In part. perf.: quini erant
ordines conjuncti inter se atque implicati, Caes. B. G. 7, 73, 4 : Canidia
brevibus implicata viperis Crines, Hor. Epod. 5, 15 : folium implicatum,
Plin. 21, 17, 65, § 105 : intestinum implicatum, id. 11, 4, 3, § 9 :
impliciti laqueis, Ov. A. A. 2, 580 : Cerberos implicitis angue minante
comis, id. H. 9, 94 : implicitamque sinu absstulit, id. A. A. 1, 561 :
impliciti Peleus rapit oscula nati,held in his arms, Val. Fl. 1, 264 .
II. Trop.
A. In gen., to entangle, implicate, involve, envelop, engage: di immortales
vim suam ... tum terrae cavernis includunt, tum hominum naturis implicant,
Cic. Div. 1, 36, 79 : contrahendis negotiis implicari, id. Off. 2, 11, 40 :
alienis (rebus) nimis implicari molestum esse, id. Lael. 13, 45 : implicari
aliquo certo genere cursuque vivendi, id. Off. 1, 32, 117 : implicari
negotio, id. Leg. 1, 3 : ipse te impedies, ipse tua defensione implicabere,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 18, § 44 ; cf.: multis implicari erroribus, id. Tusc. 4,
27, 58: bello, Verg. A. 11, 109 : eum primo incertis implicantes responsis,
Liv. 27, 43, 3 : nisi forte implacabiles irae vestrae implicaverint animos
vestros,perplexed, confounded, id. 40, 46, 6 : paucitas in partitione
servatur, si genera ipsa rerum ponuntur, neque permixte cum partibus
implicantur,are mingled, mixed up, Cic. Inv. 1, 22, 32 : ut omnibus copiis
conductis te implicet, ne ad me iter tibi expeditum sit, Pompei. ap. Cic.
Att. 8, 12, D, 1: tanti errores implicant temporum, ut nec qui consules nec
quid quoque anno actum sit digerere possis, Liv. 2, 21, 4 .--In part.
perf.: dum rei publicae quaedam procuratio multis officiis implicatum et
constrictum tenebat, Cic. Ac. 1, 3, 11 : Deus nullis occupationibus est
implicatus, id. N. D. 1, 19, 51 ; cf.: implicatus molestis negotiis et
operosis, id. ib. 1, 20, 52 : animos dederit suis angoribus et molestiis
implicatos, id. Tusc. 5, 1, 3 : Agrippina morbo corporis implicata, Tac. A.
4, 53 : inconstantia tua cum levitate, tum etiam perjurio implicata, Cic.
Vatin. 1, 3 ; cf. id. Phil. 2, 32, 81: intervalla, quibus implicata atque
permixta oratio est, id. Or. 56, 187 : (voluptas) penitus in omni sensu
implicata insidet, id. Leg. 1, 17, 47 : quae quatuor inter se colligata
atque implicata, id. Off. 1, 5, 15 : natura non tam propensus ad
misericordiam quam implicatus ad severitatem videbatur, id. Rosc. Am. 30,
85 ; and in the form implicitus, esp. with morbo (in morbum): quies
necessaria morbo implicitum exercitum tenuit, Liv. 3, 2, 1 ; 7, 23, 2; 23,
40, 1: ubi se quisque videbat Implicitum morbo, Lucr. 6, 1232 : graviore
morbo implicitus, Caes. B. C. 3, 18, 1 ; cf.: implicitus in morbum, Nep.
Ages. 8, 6 ; Liv. 23, 34, 11: implicitus suspicionibus, Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 19
; cf.: implicitus terrore, Luc. 3, 432 : litibus implicitus, Hor. A. P. 424
: implicitam sinu abstulit, Ov. A. A. 1, 562 : (vinum) jam sanos implicitos
facit, Cael. Aur. Acut. 3, 8, 87 .--
B. In partic., to attach closely, connect intimately, to unite, join; in
pass., to be intimately connected, associated, or related: (homo) profectus
a caritate domesticorum ac suorum serpat longius et se implicet primum
civium, deinde mortalium omnium societate, Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 45 : omnes qui
nostris familiaritatibus implicantur, id. Balb. 27, 60 : (L. Gellius) ita
diu vixit, ut multarum aetatum oratoribus implicaretur, id. Brut. 47, 174 :
quibus applicari expediet, non implicari, Sen. Ep. 105, 5 .-- In part.
perf.: aliquos habere implicatos consuetudine et benevolentia, Cic. Fam. 6,
12, 2 : implicatus amicitiis, id. Att. 1, 19, 8 : familiaritate, id. Pis.
29, 70 : implicati ultro et citro vel usu diuturno vel etiam officiis, id.
Lael. 22, 85 . --Hence,
1. implicatus (inpl- ), a, um, P. a., entangled, perplexed, confused,
intricate: nec in Torquati sermone quicquam implicatum aut tortuosum fuit,
Cic. Fin. 3, 1, 3 : reliquae (partes orationis) sunt magnae, implicatae,
variae, graves, etc., id. de Or. 3, 14, 52 : vox rauca et implicata, Sen.
Apocol. med. -- Comp.: implicatior ad loquendum, Amm. 26, 6, 18 . -- Sup.:
obscurissima et implicatissima quaestio, Gell. 6, 2, 15 : ista
tortuosissima et implicatissima nodositas, Aug. Conf. 2, 10 init. --
2. im-plicite (inpl- ), adv., intricately (rare): non implicite et
abscondite, sed patentius et expeditius, Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 69 .
===
Appendix II: From
http://perseus.csad.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059
%3Aentry%3D%2321958
implicatura (inpl- ), ae, f. [implico] , an entangling (late Lat.):
vernaculae, Sid. Ep. 9, 9 fin.
=
==
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