ÿþ<html> <head><title>SAMPA for Cantonese</title><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=x-UNICODE-2-0-UTF-7"> <style type="text/css"> h1 {color:green;} table {width:75%;} th {text-align:center; vertical-align:top; color:navy; font-family:verdana;} td {font-family:"lucida sans unicode", "arial unicode ms"; vertical-align:top; text-align:center;} h3 {background-color:"#C6E2FF";} </style> <meta content="SAMPA for Cantonese, an ASCII representation of phonetic symbols for Cantonese" name=description> <meta content="Cantonese language, Chinese language, phonetics, pronunciation, speech, SAMPA, IPA, phonetic symbols, phoneme, phonemes, vowel, consonant, semivowel, plosive, fricative, affricate, tone, tone language, romanization, romanisation, Jyutping" name=keywords></head> <body> <h2>SAMPA for</h2> <h1><img src="hongkong.jpg" alt="*" align=top> Cantonese</h1> <center> <table> <tr bgcolor="#C6E2FF"><td rowspan=2 width=10%>IPA symbol<td rowspan=2 width=10%>SAMPA symbol <td width=20% rowspan=2>Keyword in SAMPA <td colspan=2>Romanizations<td rowspan=2 width=20%>Orthography <td width=25% rowspan=2>English gloss </tr> <tr bgcolor="#D1E1FF"><td>Yale <td>Jyutping <tr><th colspan=7 bgcolor="#FFC0BB"><b>Consonants</b></tr> <tr><td colspan=7 bgcolor="#FFEFD5"><b>Plosives</b></tr> <tr><td>p<td>p <td>pa:_3 <td>pa <td>paa3 <td>&#24597;<td>fear <tr><td>b<td>b <td>ba:_0 <td>b&agrave; <td>baa1 <td>&#29240;<td>father <tr><td>t<td>t <td>tO:N_4 <td>t&ograve;hng <td>tong4 <td>&#31958;<td>sugar <tr><td>d<td>d <td>da:_2 <td>d&aacute; <td>daa2 <td>&#25171;<td>hit <tr><td>k<td>k <td>k6p_1 <td>k&#x101;p <td>kap1 <td>&#32102;<td>give <tr><td>g<td>g <td>g6m_0 <td>g&agrave;m <td>gam1 <td>&#37329;<td>gold <tr><td>kw<td>kw <td>kwa:_0 <td>kw&agrave; <td>kwaa1 <td>&#35463; <td>boast <tr><td>gw<td>gw <td>gwa:_0 <td>gw&agrave; <td>gwaa1 <td>&#29916; <td>melon <tr><th colspan=7>&nbsp; <tr><td colspan=7 bgcolor="#FFEFD5"><b>Nasals</b></tr> <tr><td>m<td>m <td>ma:_0 <td>m&agrave; <td>maa1 <td>&#23229; <td>mother <tr><td>n<td>n <td>nej_5 <td>n&eacute;ih <td>nei5 <td>&#20320; <td>you <tr><td>&#331;<td>N <td>Na:_4 <td>ng&agrave;h <td>ngaa4 <td>&#29273; <td>tooth <tr><th colspan=7>&nbsp; <tr><td colspan=7 bgcolor="#FFEFD5"><b>Fricatives</b></tr> <tr><td>f<td>f <td>fa:_0 <td>f&agrave; <td>faa1 <td>&#33457; <td>flower <tr><td>s<td>s <td>sa:_0 <td>s&agrave; <td>saa1 <td>&#27801; <td>sand <tr><td>(&#597;)<td> <td>sy:_0 <td>sy&ugrave; <td>syu1 <td>&#26360; <td>book <tr><td>h<td>h <td>ha:_0 <td>h&agrave; <td>haa1 <td>&#34662; <td>shrimp <tr><th colspan=7>&nbsp; <tr><td colspan=7 bgcolor="#FFEFD5"><b>Affricates</b></tr> <tr><td>ts<td>ts <td>tsa:N_2 <td>ch&aacute;ang <td>caang2 <td>&#27225; <td>orange <tr><td>(t&#643;)<td> <td>ts9N_4 <td>ch&egrave;uhng <td>coeng4 <td>&#38263; <td>long <tr><td>dz<td>dz <td>dza:k_3 <td>jaak <td>zaak3 <td>&#31364; <td>narrow <tr><td>(d&#658;)<td> <td>dzy:_0 <td>jy&ugrave; <td>zyu1 <td>&#35948; <td>pig <tr><th colspan=7>&nbsp; <tr><td colspan=7 bgcolor="#FFEFD5"><b>Approximants</b></tr> <tr><td>j<td>j <td>ju:t_6 <td>yuht <td>jyut6 <td>&#26376; <td>month <tr><td>w<td>w <td>wa:k_6 <td>waahk <td>waak6 <td>&#30011; <td>draw <tr><td>l<td>l <td>la:N_5 <td>l&aacute;ahng <td>laang5 <td>&#20919; <td>cold <tr><th colspan=7>&nbsp; <tr><th colspan=7 bgcolor="#FFC0BB"><b>Vowels</b></tr> <tr><td colspan=7 bgcolor="#FFEFD5"><b>Monophthongs</b></tr> <tr><td>i&#720;<td>i: <td>di:p_6 <td>dihp <td>dip6 <td>&#30879; <td>plate <tr><td>&#603;&#720;<td>E: <td>sE:_2 <td>s&eacute; <td>se2 <td>&#20889; <td>write <tr><td>a&#720;<td>a: <td>ba:t_3 <td>baat <td>baat3 <td>&#20843; <td>eight <tr><td>&#592;<td>6 <td>j6p_6 <td>yahp <td>jap6 <td>&#20837; <td>enter <tr><td>u&#720;<td>u: <td>gu:_0 <td>g&ugrave;h <td>gu0 <td>&#22993; <td>aunt <tr><td>y&#720;<td>y: <td>hy:t_3 <td>hyut <td>hyut3 <td>&#34880; <td>blood <tr><td>&#596;&#720;<td>O: <td>gO:n_0 <td>g&ograve;n <td>gon1 <td>&#24178; <td>dry <tr><td>&#339;&#720;<td>9: <td>g9:k_3 <td>geuk <td>goek3 <td>&#33050; <td>foot <tr><th colspan=7>&nbsp; <tr><td colspan=7 bgcolor="#FFEFD5"><b>Diphthongs</b></tr> <tr><td>iw<td>iw <td>tiw_3 <td>tiu <td>tiu3 <td>&#36339; <td>jump <tr><td>ej<td>ej <td>nej_5 <td>n&eacute;ih <td>nei5 <td>&#20320; <td>you <tr><td>&#603;w<td>Ew <td>tEw_6 <td> - <td>teu6 <td><small>(This colloquial word has no written form)</small> <td>throw away <tr><td>&#592;w<td>6w <td>s6w_2 <td>s&aacute;u <td>sau2 <td>&#25163; <td>hand <tr><td>&#592;j<td>6j <td>s6j_0 <td>s&agrave;i <td>sai1 <td>&#35199; <td>west <tr><td>a&#720;j<td>a:j <td>da:j_6 <td>daaih <td>daai6 <td>&#22823; <td>big <tr><td>a&#720;w<td>a:w <td>ma:w_1 <td>m&#x101;au <td>maau1 <td>&#29483; <td>cat <tr><td>&#596;&#720;j<td>O:j <td>tsO:j_3 <td>choi <td>coi3 <td>&#33756; <td>vegetable <tr><td>ow<td>ow <td>dow_1 <td>d&#x14D;u <td>dou1 <td>&#20992; <td>knife <tr><td>u&#720;j<td>u:j <td>bu:j_1 <td>b&#x16B;i <td>bui1 <td>&#26479; <td>cup <tr><td>&#339;y<td>9y <td>s9y_2 <td>s&eacute;ui <td>seoi2 <td>&#27700; <td>water <tr><th colspan=7>&nbsp; </table> <table> <tr><th colspan=7 bgcolor="#FFC0BB"><b>Tones</b></tr> <tr bgcolor="#C6E2FF"><td>pitch <td>SAMPA <td>keyword <td>Yale <td>Jyutping <td>orthog. <td>gloss <tr><td>high to mid <td>_0 <td>si_0 <td>s&igrave; <td>si1 <td>&#24107; <td>teacher <tr> <td>high level <td>_1 <td>si_1 <td>s&#x12B; <td>si1 <td>&#35433; <td>poem <tr> <td>mid to high<td>_2 <td>si_2 <td>s&iacute; <td>si2 <td>&#21490; <td>history <tr><td>mid level <td>_3 <td>si_3 <td>si <td>si3 <td>&#35430; <td>to try <tr><td>low to lowest <td>_4 <td>si_4 <td>s&igrave;h <td>si4 <td>&#21273; <td>a key <tr><td>low to mid <td>_5 <td>si_5 <td>s&iacute;h <td>si5 <td>&#24066; <td>a city <tr><td>low level <td>_6 <td>si_6 <td>sih <td>si6 <td>&#26159; <td>to be </table> </center> <h3>Notes</h3> <p>/p t k ts/ are aspirated; /b d g dz/ are voiceless and unaspirated. <p>/s ts dz/ have palatoalveolar allophones before /i: y: 9:/. /s/ has an alveolopalatal allophone before /y:/. <p>In Hong Kong, tones _0 and _1 are not usually distinguished. In Singapore, tones _2 and _5 may not be distinguished. <hr> <p>The adaptation of SAMPA to Cantonese was done by Dr <a href="mailto:jmar@appen.com.au">Juliet Mar</a>. <p> <a href="home.htm">SAMPA home page</a> <p> <code>Maintained by <a href="mailto:j.wells@phon.ucl.ac.uk">J.C. Wells</a>. Created 2002 08 09</code> </body></html>