|
|
- U The symbol used to represent the labiality
element. Labial sounds and rounded vowels contain this element.
- Umlaut [ˈʊmlaʊt] (1) A change in vowel quality in a root in some languages (for example German and Old English) caused by the addition of a suffix containing a vowel. (2) The diacritic mark used in German orthography to signal that a vowel has been affected by umlaut: ä, ö, ü.
- Unary feature [ˈjuːnəri] See
element.
- Underlying form A concept especially
associated with the model of generative phonology espoused by
Chomksy & Halle. It is the form of a word or morpheme which is recorded
in the lexicon and which is the input to the phonological component of a
grammar. A simple example is the regular plural morpheme which occurs
in three distinct surface forms (the forms actually produced by the
speaker): [z] as in dogs,
[s] as in cats, and
[ɪz] as in horses. There are good
arguments for positing a single underlying form /z/
for the morpheme. This is then converted into the correct surface form
by phonological rules which adjust
the voicing and insert the vowel in appropriate environments.
- Upspeak See
High rise terminal
- Uptalk See High rise terminal
-
Urú Irish: [ˈʊruː] See eclipsis.
- Uvula
>[ˈjuːvjələ]
The fleshy appendage at the extreme rear end of the soft
palate.
- Uvular [ˈjuːvjələ]
The name of a place of articulation. The active
articulator is the back of the tongue and the passive
articulator is the uvula. [q] and [χ]
are examples of uvular sounds. For the uvular trill [ʀ],
it would be more accurate to class the back of the tongue
as the passive articulator and the uvula itself as the
active articulator.
|
